What should a driver do if the brakes fail while driving?

When brakes fail while driving, shifting to a lower gear is a crucial response as it utilizes engine braking, which can help slow down the vehicle without relying on the brakes. By downshifting, the driver engages the vehicle's transmission to reduce speed, which can be particularly effective on downhill slopes where brakes might be less effective. This method allows for a gradual reduction in speed and provides more control over the vehicle during a potentially dangerous situation.

In contrast, pulling the handbrake immediately can cause the wheels to lock up, potentially leading to loss of control, especially if the vehicle is traveling at a high speed. Turning the steering wheel in a controlled manner is important for maintaining control, but it will not assist in slowing down the vehicle. Accelerating to find a safe area can lead to even greater danger, as increasing speed becomes counterproductive in a critical scenario like brake failure. Thus, shifting to a lower gear optimally combines maintaining control while working towards a safe stop.